[ Papers ]

Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Technology Engineers - Vol. 28, No. 2, pp.123-131

ISSN: 2508-5107 (Online)

Print publication date 15 Apr 2019

Received 02 Mar 2019 Revised 08 Apr 2019 Accepted 09 Apr 2019

DOI: https://doi.org/10.7735/ksmte.2019.28.2.123

편대비행 두루미의 에너지 절감 메커니즘

김범준^a ; 한석영^a^{, *}

Energy Saving Mechanism of Red-crowned Crane Flying in V-formation

Beom-jun Kim^a ; Seog-Young Han^a^{, *}

aSchool of Mechanical Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Korea

Correspondence to: ^*Tel.: +82-2-2220-0456 Fax: +82-2-2290-2299 E-mail address: syhan@hanyang.ac.kr (Seog-Young Han).

Abstract

A flapping flight mechanism of a Red-crowned crane (Grus japonensis) in migration was estimated using a two-jointed arm model having an unsteady aerodynamic performance. Inverse drag forces were generated and lift forces were enhanced during downstroke. A pair of flapping advantage vortices (FAV) was generated alternatively in the wake. The first fully developed FAV was developed around 6.6 m from the wing tip of the crane ahead. The width of FAV, corresponding to the wing tip spacing was about 0.62 m in the spanwise section. A crane behind saved about 18.5% of energy by using the induced power caused by FAV in V-formation and by changing wing morphology. Phase difference of flapping between the crane ahead and behind was estimated to be around 68.14° to use aerodynamic benefit caused by FAV. Our results can be applied to engineering flying devices.

Keywords:

Computational fluid mechanics, V-formation, Two-jointed arm model, Flapping, Wing tip spacing

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